Thanks for writing this, @Jeremy Hartley! And I subbed looking forward to more 🙂
One thing I've experienced is that the discovery questions and approach is formed by the constraints of the organization.
For example, my experience is that platform teams rarely have excess capacity and the department always has a top priority or two, so general discovery questions are rarely valuable since every one already committed to working on things. But, value comes because they usually overcommit and need to trim, or don't have enough definition and need to figure out what exactly to build.
I'll usually scope my discovery questions in the context of the priorities to see how I can best impact them, or how I can help resolve some resource deadlocking at the team levels that I mentioned above.
Of course, this could just be a product of the companies I've worked in, and in other companies the more general, broad line of questions are impactful.